nds are stored in IMA 4:1 compressed format. For MacOS, this is supported directly in Sound Manager 3.1 and later. For Win95/NT, QuickTime version 2 or later should be able to handle it. Stereo is supported for startup screen sounds and the like, but probably not for in-game sounds coming from specific locations. Each sound has a number of variations, one of which is picked randomly when the sound is played. The largest number seen in the original files is 5 (echoes of Marathon here), but the format allows for much larger numbers. A sound tag has the following structure: Header (64 bytes) Variation names (32 bytes for each variation) Variation descriptions (32 bytes for each variation) Compressed sound data The header looks like this: 4 bytes probably flags 14 bytes unknown 2 bytes the line number (starting at 0) in the corresponding subtitle tag (-2 if no subtitle) 4 bytes offset (from the start of the header) to the variation descriptions 4 bytes size of the variation descriptions and the sound data 4 bytes the id of the corresponding subtitle tag 6 bytes unknown 2 bytes the number of variations 4 bytes offset (from the start of the header) to the variation names 4 bytes size of the variation names 16 bytes unknown Each variation name looks like this: 4 bytes possibly a 16.16 fixed point number controlling (in some indirect manner) the chance of this variation being chosen 2 bytes unknown 26 bytes the name Each variation description looks like this: 4 bytes unknown 2 bytes always 16, probably the (uncompressed) sample size 2 bytes unknown 2 bytes the number of channels (1=mono, 2=stereo) 2 bytes unknown 4 bytes sample rate as a 16.16 unsigned fixed point number (56220000 hex means 22050.0) 4 bytes the number of frames of compressed data 12 bytes unknown The compressed data for the first variation starts immediately after the variation descriptions; to get the offset for any subsequent variation, you have to add upp the sizes of the preceding variations. Each variation uses 34*(frame count)*(channel count) bytes of compressed data.